Tanning Grades

Full grain leather structure

Full Grain

The epidermis layer remains completely intact, preserving the natural surface texture and grain pattern. This grade offers maximum durability and develops the most distinctive patina over time. The corium layer beneath provides structural strength.

Durability Index: 95% | Flexibility: High
Top grain leather texture

Top Grain

The surface undergoes light sanding to remove minor imperfections while maintaining most of the natural grain. This process creates a more uniform appearance while preserving significant structural integrity from the corium layer.

Durability Index: 85% | Flexibility: High
Genuine leather cross-section

Genuine

This grade uses split layers from the corium, with the epidermis removed. While still leather, the material lacks the natural surface characteristics and may require additional finishing treatments to achieve desired appearance.

Durability Index: 70% | Flexibility: Medium

Layer Structure

Leather cross-section layers

Epidermis to Corium

The epidermis forms the outermost protective layer, displaying natural grain patterns and texture variations. Beneath lies the corium, a dense network of collagen fibers that provides tensile strength and flexibility. The relationship between these layers determines the material's performance characteristics.

Leather fiber structure

Fiber Architecture

The corium contains interwoven collagen fibers arranged in a three-dimensional network. This structure allows the material to distribute stress evenly across its surface, resisting tearing and maintaining shape under load. Full grain preservation maintains this natural architecture.

Performance Characteristics

Durability Index

Full grain leather maintains the highest durability rating due to intact surface layers. The natural grain structure resists abrasion and maintains integrity under repeated stress.

Flexibility Curve

The corium layer's fiber network provides natural flexibility. Full grain materials maintain optimal flexibility curves, allowing movement without permanent deformation.

Moisture Resistance

The epidermis layer provides natural moisture barrier properties. Proper conditioning maintains these characteristics while allowing the material to breathe.

Aging Properties

Full grain leather develops the most distinctive patina through natural aging processes. Surface characteristics evolve through use, creating unique appearance over time.

Selection Criteria

Grain Consistency

We evaluate each hide for grain pattern consistency and natural marking distribution. Variations in texture and color are expected and contribute to the material's character.

Structural Integrity

Each piece undergoes inspection for structural soundness. We verify that the corium layer maintains proper density and fiber orientation for intended applications.